Philosophy of Human Rights

Publisher's speech

Name of God

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: "Everyone in the world has his own time, there are no mistakes and doubts over him".
As the times are different, speeches and conversations are also different at any time, and only humans can survive in the life of their lives by hearing and taking them into consideration, which knows the errors and doubts of science and practice, and with Having a shield of knowledge and awareness prevents it from attacking it.


Accordingly, one of the most important roles of religious scholars and scientific scholars is to identify these mistakes and doubts and to exclude them from the scope of religious thought and beliefs of the faithful.


The fact that now in our time has become a pretext in the hands of the aggressors of the ages, and every time that the grief of the oppression and rightfulness of the people comes out, with the same token, they have sunk them more into the hollow pit and do not allowed the movement and liberation from constrain tyranny and colonialism .It must be investigated and analyzed and presented with correct ideas about it, disproportionate, so that the deceived powerful are disarmed, and the seekers of the right path know the destination and move towards it.


Based on the role played by Islamic scholars, a series of debates on human rights foundations and resources are under discussion and Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, along with a number of learned-men and knowledgeable and interested students in Islamic sciences in 1367 HS , he addressed analyzing the foundations and sources of human rights in the Qom Seminary until become familiar the Human societies generally and the Islamic society, especially with this method of era and find the path of liberation that comes from the religion of Islam.


Therefore, the contents of the book are compiled under the supervision of the author, who discussions and lessons focus on explaining the principles and sources of human rights, which is the philosophy of human rights, although implicitly referred to some human rights material and a brief analysis has been made of it.


Noteworthy, compilation and writing is a widespread and profound introduction to this valuable book written by the author and it has a special strength and as noted in the introduction itself, the level of the subject matter of the introduction has been significantly different from the book itself and only scholars and researchers of this field with special precision can grasp their gestures and deep points.
In the end, We appreciate Mr. Sayed Abu Al-Qasem Husseini who have been bothering to adjust and edit the course set and we pray for his more success from God.

Chapter One:

Principle of agent and purpose of human rights

Reminder

The compilation of universal human rights requires a review of the legal philosophy of its central lines in the text of the book. What is said in this preface is the material that was not needed at the time of writing or expressing issues or referred to briefly. Hence, as the introductory chapters, a few things that only concern the philosophy of human rights, not human rights itself, nor rights against international law.

Shari'a, like nature, beyond the principle of agent and purpose that arises from it and it has a natural connection, it has an ultra-natural connection to the principle of agent and purpose from which it is exported and returned to it. Therefore, material insight into the human sciences such as law, jurisprudence, ethics, politics and the like, such as material insights into empirical sciences, such as geology, mineralogy, botanical and the like, would be incomplete knowledge, because for if intelligence and wisdom of one were reduced to the nature of the axis and was cut off from its principle of agent and its creator, and cut off from its principle of purpose and its final reference, along with his experimental and humanistic research, he will have a horizontal course, and never will be vertical course. For example, a material mining scientist always thinks so that particular mine had a special shape from time to time and in the course of the ages, the natural events are now in a special way and is expected to come to a different future in the near or far future; and it never falls within the scope of material thinking, vertical and supernatural what is the principle of agent, that special mine has created? And his regular moves and for which ultimate purpose he created and guided him?  In other words, the general principle (He is The First and The Last) is never in the view of a material thinker. Such a view interprets nature in the orbital path of its horizons, he never thinks about the height of his vertical ascent. If he wants to pay attention to the humanities such as law, ethics, politics, etc., the result will be incomplete and incomplete, because it is not expected from the wise except the imperfect and the discarded.



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